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Factors & multiples worksheets
Find factor pairs, multiples, primes, GCF and LCM.
Free to use · No sign-upFactors divide a number exactly. Multiples come from multiplying it. Begin with these two ideas before moving on to prime factors or finding what two numbers share.
Where to start
- Factor pairs
List positive pairs systematically, starting with 1 and the number. Look for the point where the same pairs would begin to repeat.
- Prime and composite numbers
Use the factor list to classify a number. Give 1 its own explanation: it has one positive factor, so it is neither prime nor composite.
- Greatest common factor
Compare two factor lists and find the largest shared value. Then contrast that task with finding a shared multiple on the LCM sheet.
Choose a worksheet
6 skillsFactor pairs
Find all the pairs that multiply to make a number.
Open worksheetFinding multiples
Write the first five positive multiples of a number.
Open worksheetPrime and composite numbers
Sort numbers into prime, composite or neither.
Open worksheetPrime factorization
Write whole numbers as products of prime factors.
Open worksheetGreatest common factor
Find the greatest factor shared by two numbers.
Open worksheetLeast common multiple
Find the smallest positive multiple shared by two numbers.
Open worksheetCheck understanding
The GCF is 6; the LCM is 36.
The shared positive factors are 1, 2, 3 and 6. Multiples of 12 begin 12, 24, 36; multiples of 18 begin 18, 36. The largest shared factor and first shared multiple answer different questions.
Teaching notes
A common factor cannot be greater than the smaller positive input. A common multiple can be greater than both inputs. Use those checks to catch a swapped GCF/LCM method before adding more practice. Prime factorization provides another way to explain the same relationships.
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